https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33413 Wed 31 Oct 2018 14:52:21 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41271 Wed 31 Aug 2022 12:04:59 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46786 Wed 30 Nov 2022 13:21:37 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43521 Wed 21 Sep 2022 11:25:22 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37298 Wed 20 Jan 2021 16:51:04 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44672 Wed 19 Oct 2022 14:08:30 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33519 Wed 14 Nov 2018 14:00:23 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49898 Wed 14 Jun 2023 11:18:53 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37969 Wed 14 Jul 2021 14:33:49 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47199 Wed 14 Dec 2022 16:10:00 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37826 Wed 12 May 2021 09:25:37 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46027 3/CaO-CaCl₂. In the charging process of the PCCaL-TES system, surplus energy is stored via sensible heat, latent heat, and chemical energy with the calcination and melting of the solid solution CaCO₃/CaO-CaCl₂. In the discharging process, the carbonation and solidification of CaCO₃/CaO-CaCl₂ takes place and thus the stored energy is retrieved. Compared to the conventional CaL-TES system, the innovative PCCaL-TES system can help maintain a high activity of CaO over long-term operation due to the enhanced heat and mass transfer in the liquid-state carbonation. In this study, the energy storage performance of PCCaL-TES was assessed using the simulation package Aspen Plus v10. According to the modeling results, the PCCaL-TES system can achieve a round-trip efficiency of up to 49% and an energy storage density of nearly 1.5 GJ/m³, presenting improvements of about 4% and 20%, respectively, compared with the conventional CaL-TES system. Meanwhile, a parametric analysis was carried out to examine the effect of key operating parameters on the system performance of PCCaL-TES. The calculations show that the round-trip efficiency of the PCCaL-TES system can be improved by raising the mole fraction of CaCl₂, increasing the carbonator temperature, or employing an optimum carbonator pressure. It was also found that a low mole fraction of CaCl₂, a high activity of CaO, or a low temperature of CO₂ storage was beneficial to achieving a high energy storage density. Finally, the impact of other operating factors on the round-trip efficiency of PCCaL-TES was summarized in a sensitivity analysis. It revealed the round-trip efficiency of the PCCaL-TES system was dominantly determined by the performance of the CO₂ turbine (W-TURB) and compressor (W-COMP), the gas–liquid heat exchanger (HX3) and the exhaust CO₂ cooler (CL3).]]> Wed 09 Nov 2022 15:45:05 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34989 Wed 09 Jun 2021 16:04:03 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40408 Wed 07 Feb 2024 15:29:37 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34925 Wed 05 Aug 2020 13:27:19 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34914 Wed 04 Sep 2019 12:17:18 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34915 Wed 04 Sep 2019 12:17:14 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33620 Wed 04 Sep 2019 12:16:44 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33986 -1 and 295.8 min^-1 kPa^-1. The same methodology for reaction mechanism determination was carried out for the calcination reaction and G(x)=1-(1-x)^1/3 was found to have the best linear fit. The activation energy and pre-exponential factor determined for the calcination reaction were 103.6 kJ mol^-1 and 6.9 × 10⁶ min^-1, respectively.]]> Wed 04 Sep 2019 12:16:35 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34894 Wed 04 Dec 2019 09:49:10 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55238 Wed 01 May 2024 15:41:08 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34169 Tue 31 Mar 2020 15:01:35 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46677 Tue 29 Nov 2022 09:28:26 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54535 Tue 27 Feb 2024 20:41:10 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50414 2CO₃: 43.5%, Na₂CO₃: 31.5%, K₂CO₃: 25%) during slow temperature ramping rates (5 °C/min) under N₂ at temperatures above 750 °C. Initial findings suggest that approximately 50 wt% of graphite experiences interlayer expansion. The conventional d spacing of 0.34 nm is modified to a range of intervals between 0.41 nm and 1.22 nm. As a consequence of high operational temperature (800 °C), cations (Li⁺, Na⁺ and K⁺) as well as potentially the anion (CO₃²–) intercalate between graphitic layers and overcome Van der Waal force between layers. Employing a pressurized N₂ environment of 5 bar and 10 bar successfully controls carbonate vaporization and decomposition, as well as inducing ordered layer manipulation to exfoliate more graphite planes from the edges towards deeper levels of the particles. Exploring parameters of both carbonate loading and treatment time in addition to pressure demonstrate that this work opens up a rich selection of parameters that can be used to produce carbons with tuned properties from graphite.]]> Tue 25 Jul 2023 17:58:35 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49593 Tue 23 May 2023 12:03:09 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34922 Tue 21 Mar 2023 16:12:47 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37984 Tue 20 Jul 2021 19:18:32 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52546 Tue 17 Oct 2023 15:19:51 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55160 Tue 16 Apr 2024 15:24:32 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45519 L/D = 66). Subsequently, the explosion behaviour immediately after the ignition of methane-air mixtures and the propagation characteristics of the flame front and pressure wave through the tube are examined, covering a broad range of L/D, that is from 26 to 526, in which the diameter is changed and the length is kept fixed. The results show that the pressure wave propagates significantly faster in narrower tubes and hence decouples from the flame front shortly after ignition, which in turn results in a low overpressure at the flame front. Moreover, abrupt changes in gas properties are observed in narrow tubes with L/D ≥ 132. The peak overpressure increases as the tube diameter increases; however, the local maximum pressure decreases substantially in large tubes when approaching the tube vent but remains almost constant throughout in the narrow tubes. Similarly, the flame propagates faster in narrower tubes. A correlation that estimates the distance the flame propagates in the exponential acceleration stage is proposed as a function of tube size and time. Deviations of less than 7% are obtained when comparing the predicted results using the correlation against the experimental data. The results provide local information that aids the theoretical interpretation of experimental observations and the understanding of the fuel combustion and explosion phenomena in different sized tubes.]]> Tue 14 Nov 2023 14:40:30 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34939 a- and c-directions. The raw data for the heat current autocorrelation function is analysed to determine the structure of the lattice thermal conductivity. It is revealed that the lattice thermal conductivity of the TiO₂ polymorphs can be decomposed into three contributions due to the acoustic short-range and long-range phonon and optical phonon modes. These three contributions can be presented in the form of simple kinetic formulae consisting of the products of the heat capacity, the square of the average phonon velocity and the average relaxation time of the acoustic short- and long-range phonon and optical phonon modes. In particular, it is shown that the average phonon velocities of the acoustic short- and long-range phonon and optical phonon modes are approximately equal to each other and can be expressed through the second-order fluctuations of the heat current vector. The effects of different simulation cell sizes at different temperatures on the lattice thermal conductivity are also investigated. Finally, the results from this work are compared with the experimental data and good agreement is found.]]> Tue 13 Apr 2021 09:30:53 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44347 Tue 11 Oct 2022 19:35:29 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38189 2 are the most potent of the greenhouse gases (GHGs), and one of the most promising methods of methane abatement is for methane to be captured through thermal decomposition processes. However, this approach introduces a major safety concern related to methane explosions and flame propagation in coal mines. It is vital that all of the safety issues related to this approach are addressed prior to the implementation of GHG emission control. This study investigates the effectiveness of venting in the event of methane explosions. In addition, the study examines the scaling effects by integrating the experimental results from this study with the data from previous explosion experiments carried out in a smaller scale experimental apparatus. The experimental setup consisted of a 1 m³ explosion chamber connected to a 9.7 m long venting duct. The results indicated that the methane explosion pressure significantly decreased in the venting duct, which, in turn, reduced the deflagration index (class of explosion). The venting approach can reduce the explosion pressure by approximately 83%. The data for the flame propagation inside the venting duct demonstrated the presence of flame acceleration and deceleration patterns at approximately one-third (3.2 m), and at the end of the venting duct, these flame accelerations (second explosion) have not been observed when using a 20 L explosion chamber with a similar venting ratio under identical ignition energies and methane concentrations. The flame front velocity reaching the end of the venting duct was measured at approximately 52 m s^–1.]]> Tue 10 Aug 2021 15:46:46 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40098 Tue 05 Jul 2022 10:34:35 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30950 Tue 03 Sep 2019 18:31:06 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34720 Tue 03 Sep 2019 18:26:39 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34875 Tue 03 Sep 2019 18:18:32 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33618 Tue 03 Sep 2019 18:17:28 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30929 Thu 31 Oct 2019 11:47:10 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32403 -1. The deposition prediction indicates that coal dust particles (50-212 µm) could be deposited in the VAM capture duct within 55 m to 217 m depending on the particles size, particle velocity. MIE tests for three size ranges of coal dust particles were undertaken. Results showed that the MIE of coal dust particles in the 0-74 µm size range, ignited in a range of 100-300 mJ. However, for the coal dust particles in the size range from 74-125 µm and 125-212 µm the MIE measured was in the range of 300-1000 mJ. The ignition coal dust concentration was varied between 150 g.m^-3 to 1500 g.m^-3 for the tests.]]> Thu 31 May 2018 09:12:19 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32404 Thu 31 May 2018 09:12:12 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32402 Thu 31 May 2018 09:12:07 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45288 Thu 27 Oct 2022 13:45:32 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32961 Thu 16 Aug 2018 14:31:46 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32956 -3) spherical glass beads particles of diameter 3, 5 and 8 mm and water as fluidising medium with different particle mass ratios varying from 0.17 to 6.0. In the expanded bed, both segregated and intermixed zones were observed depending on the different particle diameter combinations. In a completely segregated SLFB, the bottom monosized layer exhibited a negative deviation ~23% whereas a positive deviation ~25% was found in the top monosized layer when compared with the corresponding pure monosized system. A small mixing zone spanning approximately two particle diameters thick was observed to exist even in a completely segregated SLFB for higher diameter ratio cases. A slight decrease in the mixing zone height was noted with increasing liquid superficial velocity. For lower diameter ratio cases, a relatively lager mixing zone height was observed which increased with increasing liquid superficial velocity. The bed expansion ratio was noted to decrease with increasing solid mass ratio however it increased with increase in the fluidising velocity ratio following a reasonable power law trend. The expanded bed height of the binary mixture was not entirely additive of its corresponding mono-component bed heights and both positive and negative deviations were observed. Finally, a two-dimensional (2D) Eulerian-Eulerian (E-E) model incorporating the kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF) was used to quantify the binary system hydrodynamics. The model predicted expanded bed height agreed with experimental measurements within ±6% deviation. Presence of a mixing zone was also confirmed by the CFD model and simulated particle phase volume fraction distribution qualitatively agreed with the experimental visualisations.]]> Thu 16 Aug 2018 13:31:39 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43280 Thu 15 Sep 2022 12:30:28 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40737 28.2 °C) the application of the enthalpy-based method leads to erroneous results. For water systems of small volume that often bear a supercooling more than 30 °C, the recalescence stage should be considered in the modelling.]]> Thu 13 Jun 2024 16:41:54 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40126 Thu 13 Jun 2024 16:21:38 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47021 Thu 13 Jun 2024 16:13:53 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44433 Thu 13 Jul 2023 14:46:58 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39710 Thu 13 Jul 2023 14:33:29 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43264 Thu 08 Feb 2024 10:41:42 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36973 Thu 08 Feb 2024 10:40:46 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38562 Thu 04 Nov 2021 11:59:14 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37531 Thu 04 Feb 2021 15:19:21 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34979 Thu 03 Oct 2019 15:06:54 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34940 NPT, NVT and NVE ensembles in the a- and c- directions. It is revealed that the lattice thermal conductivity can be decomposed into three contributions due to the optical, acoustic short- and long-range phonon modes. Finally, results from this study can be compared with previous related dielectric materials and experimental studies, with good agreement.]]> Thu 03 Oct 2019 14:11:00 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30699 2 partial pressure (0.05 to 0.1 %), pertinent to a novel greenhouse calcium looping process. The kinetic parameters were obtained and compared with those reported in the literature. Various gas–solid reaction mechanisms were considered to determine the best reaction mechanism for the carbonation reaction. The diffusion function, or G(x)=x², had the best least-squares linear fit, which resulted in a first-order reaction for the carbonation reaction in the greenhouse calcium looping process. Moreover, the activation energy and pre-exponential factor of the carbonation reaction were established to be 19.7 kJ mol⁻¹ and 295.8 min⁻¹ kPa⁻¹, respectively. The derived kinetic parameters were used in Aspen Plus to optimize the carbonator reactor size. The required size of the reactor decreased with increasing operating temperature of the reactor. Exergy analysis revealed that the overall exergetic efficiency of greenhouse calcium looping could be more than 80 %.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:35:09 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30552 2.5) as it significantly improves the efficiency of conventional particulate removal devices. However, a good understanding of the mechanisms underlying the acoustic agglomeration in the standing wave is largely lacking. In this study, a model that accounts for all of the important particle interactions, e.g., orthokinetic interaction, gravity sedimentation, Brownian diffusion, mutual radiation pressure effect and acoustic wake effect, is developed to investigate the acoustic agglomeration dynamics of PM_2.5 in the standing wave based on the framework of direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. The results show that the combination of orthokinetic interaction and gravity sedimentation dominates the acoustic agglomeration process. Compared with Brownian diffusion and the mutual radiation pressure effect, the acoustic wake plays a relatively more important role in governing the particle agglomeration. The phenomenon of particle agglomeration becomes more pronounced when the acoustic frequency and intensity are increased. The model is shown to be capable of accurately predicting the dynamic acoustic agglomeration process in terms of the detailed evolution of particle size and spatial distribution, which in turn allows for the visualization of important features such as “orthokinetic drift”. The prediction results are in good agreement with the experimental data.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:27:08 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45781 Sat 05 Nov 2022 12:35:15 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50639 Mon 31 Jul 2023 16:27:54 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52839 Mon 30 Oct 2023 09:41:40 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39713 Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:50:42 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45120 Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:48:25 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45721 Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:37:58 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53276 Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:25:41 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35021 Mon 29 Jan 2024 17:50:11 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40921 Mon 29 Jan 2024 17:48:04 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44056 2CO₃: 43.5%, Na₂CO₃: 31.5%, K₂CO₃: 25% mol), subjected to two different higher heating temperatures (350 °C and 600 °C). It is shown here that the addition of a carbonate eutectic affects char-making reactions through: tar generation modification, changes in the emitted volatile molecules, alteration of surface oxygenate bonds as well as transformation in the morphology of the remnant char. Initial results using Differential Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (DTG) show that, in carbonate treated samples, char yield is increased at both temperatures investigated. In treated cellulose, a reduced temperature onset of mass loss is observed, expected to be from modified depolymerisation and inhibition of levoglucosan formation for samples heated to both 350 °C and 600 °C. Gas analysis by micro-GC proves that carbonate is involved in the cracking of condensable volatiles, which generates a highly porous char structure and increases the emission of non-condensable volatiles. In addition, SEM results for carbonate treated cellulose demonstrate extensive pore generation including both surface and internally generated pores and interconnected tunnel-like structures at higher temperature (600 °C). This was not reflected however in BET results due to the melted salt blocking the available internal porous structure. Improvement in BET results for chars produced at 600 °C was regardless seen on carbonate addition in both biomass (improving from 371 m² g⁻¹ to 516 m² g⁻¹) and lignin (improving from 11 m² g⁻¹ to 209 m² g⁻¹).]]> Mon 29 Jan 2024 17:46:29 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47208 Mon 29 Jan 2024 17:45:48 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54967 Mon 25 Mar 2024 12:11:30 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47525 Mon 23 Jan 2023 12:15:50 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33030 Mon 22 Jun 2020 11:40:21 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46411 Mon 21 Nov 2022 13:51:45 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37367 0.1µm and an embryo size smaller than the critical size, otherwise the contribution of direct vapour deposition mechanism could be significant. Based on the scaled nucleation barrier, three distinct nucleation regimes, i.e. athermal heterogeneous nucleation, thermal heterogeneous-dominant nucleation, and homogeneous-dominant nucleation, have been identified. When the contact angle was large, the wetting agent might need to be added to reduce the contact angle so as to reach the athermal heterogeneous and thermal heterogeneous-dominant nucleation regimes, thus achieving efficient particulate abatement at low cost. The prediction results matched reasonably with the experimental data.]]> Mon 19 Oct 2020 14:20:25 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37097 Mon 17 Aug 2020 13:30:43 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50617 Mon 14 Aug 2023 09:48:50 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44158 Mon 10 Oct 2022 09:38:29 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42799 Mon 05 Sep 2022 09:08:32 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34978 3 spherical explosion chamber. The effects of turbulence and explosive powders on explosion parameters such as the deflagration index, maximum explosion pressure and burning velocity were examined. Theoretical calculations were conducted and are presented alongside the experimental data. The study suggests that the presence of turbulence increases the maximum explosion pressure. The values of the deflagration indices and burning velocities were found to be increased by the turbulence. The presence of an explosive powder provides similar effects to turbulence, and the values of the maximum explosion pressure, deflagration index and burning velocities increased with increases of the mass of the explosive powders. The magnitude of the turbulence generated in the explosion chamber was determined theoretically by employing Damköhler’s correlation.]]> Mon 02 Mar 2020 11:49:31 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30930 Mon 01 Jul 2019 10:11:58 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29902 2 and CO, attributed to the tar cracking abilities of slag.]]> Fri 31 May 2019 12:33:49 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45499 Fri 28 Oct 2022 16:00:24 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45495 Fri 28 Oct 2022 15:53:30 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38020 3). CaO is then used to simultaneously oxidize VAM (methane concentrations of 0.1–1 vol % in air) and capture carbon dioxide (CO₂) produced to form CaCO3. The two cycles can be performed in a single reactor, or the process can be performed continuously in dual interconnected reactors. Preliminary experiments on the SDL process have previously been performed at laboratory scale. In this study, further laboratory-scale studies were conducted in conjunction with pilot-scale SDL investigations in a single 1 m³/s fluidized bed reactor. The effect of inventory size (1–2 tonnes of CaCO₃), operating temperature (565–700 °C), and flow rate (1–1.7 m³/s) on methane conversion was investigated. At temperatures of 600 °C and above, >99.5% methane conversion was achieved for all inventory sizes and flow rates examined. At temperatures of 565 and 575 °C, 41 and 70% methane conversions were achieved, respectively. VAM fluctuation experiments were performed, and it was shown that a fluid bed can act as a thermal mass to reduce fluctuations in the bed temperature as the VAM concentration changes.]]> Fri 23 Jul 2021 15:47:37 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40041 2. The influence of the concentrations of NO and O₂ on the oxidation of NO was investigated. Besides, the changes in the reaction rate with the particle size of the catalysts were investigated to determine the internal diffusion resistance. The surface area and microcrystalline structure of the catalysts were analyzed to investigate the impact of physical structure on SO₂ poisoning in the catalyst. It was observed that Co doping in Mn/TiO₂ had a favorable impact on reducing the effect of SO₂ poisoning during the NO oxidation reaction. On the basis of the kinetic study, it was concluded that the reaction followed the Langmuir−Hinshelwood (L-H) mechanism, where NO and O₂ were adsorbed on the catalyst, forming highly reactive NO⁺ and O⁻, which were then converted into NO₂. The Co doping into the TiO₂ crystal lattice increased the O₂ adsorption, thus accelerating the rate of NO oxidation reaction.]]> Fri 22 Jul 2022 13:14:04 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37805 Fri 22 Apr 2022 10:22:29 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35160 th demonstration pilot plant CFM–CLC system (the first of its kind in Australia) that is a scaled-up unit of a lab scale 10-kW_th unit is designed, fabricated and commissioned. The hydrodynamics similarities of the two units in terms of pressure drop profile and solids circulation rate are investigated. The results showed that the scaling factor for the operating velocity calculated based on the dimensionless relation of the fluidisation gas velocity ratio and the square root of the fluidised bed height ratio (of the air reactor) is 2.36, which was in good agreement with the measured value of 2.55. The same solids circulation rate (SCR) between the units was achieved using the scaling factor of 2.55 whilst maintaining the ratio of normalised total solids inventory of the system equal 1. It was also demonstrated that as the ratio of normalised total inventory increased from 1 to 1.4, the gas velocity to achieve similar SCR needs to be reduced proportionally (in the unit which inventory was increased). Therefore, a simple method of calculating the required gas velocity for achieving the same SCR for systems with non-equivalent normalised total solids inventory is proposed. The prediction results using this method were compared against the experimental data, with an average deviation of less than 10%. The validity of the proposed prediction method (for other cases of non-equivalent normalised total solids inventory) however requires further investigation.]]> Fri 21 Jun 2019 15:19:57 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42153 Fri 19 Aug 2022 08:54:41 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51081 Fri 18 Aug 2023 09:32:00 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53226 Fri 17 Nov 2023 11:48:42 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37960 S), bubble size (L_B) and rising velocity (V_B) in STFRs and their dependence on operating conditions. Under high Reynolds numbers (Re'≥681), many particles are present in the liquid film and significant bubble surface wave disturbance is observed even when the Capillary number is low (Ca'<0.01). Depending on whether bubble surface distorts (BSD) and/or particles travel between slugs (PTS), four STF patterns are identified and mapped against the flow conditions, with pattern I (with no BSD or PTS) and pattern IV (with both BSD and PTS) occurring at low and high fluids velocities, respectively. The STF patterns are independent of solid loading (when <10%v/v) but show dependency on particle size and flow conditions. Both solid loading and particle size marginally affect V_B, yet have a profound impact on L_B and L_S. Empirical correlations for predicting V_B, L_B and L_S in STFRs are developed. The correlation of V_B proves valid for both slurry and standard Taylor flow systems covering 1.2≤Re'≤3551 and 0.0002≤Ca'≤0.39 for a wide range of fluids in both circular and square channels with size of 480µm-3.02mm.]]> Fri 17 Nov 2023 11:43:25 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51804 Fri 14 Jun 2024 10:11:57 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51030 Fri 14 Jun 2024 09:57:53 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43917 Fri 14 Jun 2024 08:19:50 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46145 Eucalyptus pilularis biomass and ternary molten carbonate eutectic [Li₂CO₃, 43.5%; Na₂CO₃, 31.5%; and K₂CO₃, 25% (mole percentage)] in thermogravimetric analysis at three different temperatures, 600, 750, and 900 °C, was studied. These salts affect the slow pyrolysis process, including changes in the volatile release mechanism and the morphology of remnant char material. The initial results show that, in the presence of molten carbonate, biomass particles make bubble-shaped larger particles, which result in less volatile emissions and more char residue. It is suggested that the ternary eutectic has a chemical diluent and catalytic role, particularly in the case of higher salt doping. Results from scanning electron microscopy images give strong evidence that molten carbonates capture volatiles inside swelling carbon particles, which causes the generation of various sizes of pores as well as char-making reactions, and at a higher temperature, the bubble-shaped particles will rupture. Swelling of this nature has previously only been observed clearly in coal precursors; however, this is the first observation in a biomass-based system. Also, at a temperature above 750 °C, decomposition of molten carbonate generates CO₂ and carbon/carbonate gasification produces CO as well as a more “activated” biochar.]]> Fri 11 Nov 2022 18:31:02 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44121 Fri 07 Oct 2022 14:26:45 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55593 Fri 07 Jun 2024 12:09:42 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36779 Fri 03 Jul 2020 17:08:42 AEST ]]>